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The chromatography technical refers to a kind of method for separating components of a mixture by utilizing the difference in performance of each component in two phases. It is considered as an essential way to separate and purify organic or inorganic substances. It is pretty effective for the separation of complicated mixtures, isomers or homologs of analogue components as well.

What are Characteristics of Chromatography?

The chromatography method features remarkable separation capacity. Its separation efficiency is much higher than other separation technology, such as distillation, extraction and centrifugal method.

  1. High separation efficiency. Dozens and even hundreds of compounds with similar properties can be separated on one chromatography column. It can analyze complex samples that can’t be treated by many other analytic methods.
  2. Quick analysis speed. Generally speaking, the chromatography method can complete the analysis of one complex sample in dozens of minutes and even several minutes.
  3. Extensive applications. The chromatography method can be used for the separation and determination of almost all compounds, such as organic substances, inorganic substances, low molecular or high molecular compounds, and even biologically active biomacromolecule.
  4. Small sample consumption. One separation and determination can be done by using an extremely small amount of sample.
  5. High sensitivity. With the development of signal processing and detector manufacturing, the chromatography method can directly detect trace substance of 10-9g grade without preconcentration. If the preconcentration technology is adopted, its lower limit of detection can even reach 10-12g grade.
  6. The chromatography can only separate or detect a certain substance by choosing a proper separation mode and detection method.
  7. The chromatography equipment can realize the fully automatic operation from sample loading to data processing.

What are the 4 Types of Chromatography?

It is generally acknowledged that there are four main types of chromatography, which are Liquid Chromatography, Gas Chromatography, Thin-Layer Chromatography and Paper Chromatography respectively. They have different features and advantages. For example, Liquid Chromatography can be used to analyze meta ions and organic compounds in solutions; Gas Chromatography is suitable for analyzing volatile gases; Thin-Layer Chromatography is a simple and rapid method to check the purity of organic compound; Paper Chromatography is one of the most common type of chromatography.

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